10 ‘Nazi’ Occultists, Part 2 (Long Version)

The Top Card-Carrying NSDAP Esoterics

‘Nazi’ Occultists, Part 2: 10 Party Members & Contemporaries (Full Version)

Intro

It’s the stuff of legend that Adolf Hitler – and, indeed, the entire Third Reich – was somehow empowered by occult forces. 

According to one line of thought, the architect of German National Socialism was a powerful and shadowy occult adept identified as geopolitical strategist Karl Haushofer.

“Introduced by [Rudolf] Hess” – whom we will meet later – “General Karl Haushofer visited Hitler every day …[when the latter] was confined to prison at Landsberg” following the failed Beer Hall Putsch. Haushofer “spent hours with [Hitler,] expounding his theories …”. And it’s beyond question that Haushofer’s vision heavily influenced his pupil’s autobiographical Mein Kampf.

But, what researchers Louis Pauwels and Jacques Bergier insist upon, in their eye-popping volume The Morning of the Magicians, is that Haushofer exhibited “another personality – as a disciple of Schopenhauer[,] who had taken up Buddhism, [and as] an admirer of [Jesuit founder] Ignatius de Loyola…”. Haushofer is painted as the mystical mastermind behind Hitler.

Pauwels and Bergier suggest “that it was Haushofer who …chose the swastika as an emblem” for the new movement – the symbol being the ensign of an Aryan savior, as explained in Part 1.

Haushofer was “the magician …[and] secret master” pulling the strings of National Socialism.

Nowadays, it’s fashionable to disparage this as a flight of fancy. Tho… much the same judgment was expressed by an establishment insider, attorney Sidney S. Alderman – during the International Military Tribunal, no less. Colloquially known as the “Nuremberg Trials,” the IMT gave Alderman all the backing of United States Supreme Court Justice Robert H. Jackson. 

On his own, Pauwels would connect Haushofer to the influential Armenian mystic George Ivanovich “G. I.” Gurdjieff.  

We have mentioned Gurdjieff in passing before – such as in our video “10 Occultist Spies.”

We intend to feature him more prominently in our upcoming “Top Ten 20-Century Occultists.”

Those who fell under his sway – whether through books or personal encounters – include the offbeat “New Age guru” Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, at least one of Tibet’s Dalai Lamas, and – if you believe the stories – the erstwhile Führer.

Naysayers are legion. But it’s worth contemplating the reasons such tales have plausibility – among them being the fact that many influential N.S principals had esoterica on their dossiers. So, in this video, we’ll pick up where we left off in Part 1. And we’ll catalog our top ten (10) occultists who operated within Hitler’s Germany.

Caveats and Disclaimers

Technically, starting around 1933, esoterics began receiving pushback from the government. By 1935, the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) had laws outlawing Masonic-style secret societies. These enactments – advanced by interior ministers such as Hermann Goering and Wilhelm Frick – negatively affected numerous völkisch neopagans, occultists, and organizations beyond Freemasonry. Orders were enforced by the “Security Service,” or SD, under Reinhard Heydrich. A few key groups – like the often-shocking Thule Society – had officially disbanded years before the crackdown.

Nevertheless, at various times, Germany was rife with occult activity. One of the most colorful of the era’s esoterics was the flamboyant hypnotist who comes in at number ten.

10 — Erik Jan Hanussen

In point of fact, Hanussen’s lasting reputation is partially owed to the Central Intelligence Agency’s principal predecessor, the Office of Strategic Services.

According to O.S.S. psychologist Walter Charles Langer, Adolf Hitler had been instructed in crowd manipulation, hypnotic suggestion, and even “mind control” by an expert “mentalist.” What name did Langer supply in his secret report? Erik Jan Hanussen.

Born Herschel Chaim Steinschneider, Hanussen eventually achieved fame enough to open a successful nightclub, which he named the “Palace of Occultism.” In this personal theater, Hanussen showcased a series of performances blending astrology, clairvoyance, mind-reading, telepathy, and other similar, “paranormal” talents.

Hanussen’s Wikipedia article claims that he was the real-life inspiration for the scheming magician Eduard Abramovich – alias “Eisenheim” – in the 2006 movie, The Illusionist, featuring actors Edward Norton and Jessica Biel.  

Money for Hanussen’s extravagant and egocentric “palace” came from the success of his astrology-based newspaper. The publication garnered wide circulation based upon Hanussen’s renown as a “fortune teller.”

Hanussen was reputed to have predicted the infamous Reichstag Fire of February 27, 1933. Occurring one month into Adolf Hitler’s chancellorship, the event is routinely cited as a milestone in the inception of National Socialism. It also appeared to be an unsettling vindication of the National-Socialist claim that a vast Communist conspiracy had taken root in German soil.

One month after the politically convenient fire, sometime between the late evening of March 24 and the early morning of the twenty-fifth (1933), Hanussen was evidently assassinated. His death followed a brief arrest and interrogation by the Sturmabteilung (SA). This entire episode led many observers to suspect that the Reichstag fire had been an “inside job.” On this version of the story, and owing to his compulsion to wow his audiences with semblant prescience, Hanussen spilled the beans on sensitive plot details and became a liability.

It appears highly likely that Hanussen was running an ambitious “confidence-scam” operation. According to biographers, Hanussen had attempted to make a living as “a society reporter” back in his Vienna days. “During this time he [supposedly] blackmailed wealthy citizens with [the threat of publishing] rumors in tabloids and [he did, in fact, publish] the tricks of a fraudulent clairvoyant…”. This is ironic, since “he later adapted [similar techniques] himself.” 

During the rise of National Socialism, Hanussen maintained profitable “contacts with the SA leadership,” and he was attempting to gain leverage over them “by financing their gambling debts and other [activities], especially [the procurement of] sexual services.” 

In other words, he was something of a 1930s-German version of Jeffrey Epstein. And, like Epstein, Hanussen was not ethnically German. 

And that leads us to note that Hanussen was also part of a little-known – or, at least, seldom-acknowledged – group that we’ll call Jewish (or part-Jewish) National Socialists.

Prominent members of this category include Luftwaffe Field Marshal Erhard Milch and Three-Star General Helmuth Wilberg.  

One of the more remarkable, a proud descendant of the Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn, was high naval officer Franz Viktor Mendelssohn. A master shipbuilder since World War I, he joined the party in 1934, according to Bryan Mark Rigg. 

Of course, we can’t forget Emil Maurice. Not only was Maurice Adolf Hitler’s first personal chauffeur, but he was also a charter member – and some would say a founder – of the dreaded Schutzstaffel (SS). Staggering!

Lastly, we’ll mention Vice Admiral Bernhard Rogge. “Although he had a Jewish grandfather, Rogge received the …German Blood Certificate …from Hitler, declaring him to be an Aryan.”

For some time during World War II, Rogge was in command of an armed, ex-merchant ship named the Atlantis. And that seems as good as any opportunity to segue into our next figure…

9 — Alfred Rosenberg

Rosenberg had been a refugee from the Bolshevik takeover of Tsarist Russia. 

He became a protégé of Dietrich Eckart and was quickly integrated into Völkisch circles in Germany – including into Rudolf von Sebottendorff’s Thule Society that we surveyed in Part 1.

Officially, Rosenberg had a ponderous and nearly untranslatable title. But, he operated something like the “Führer’s overseer” for education and training in matters relating to intellectual development and worldview reckoning. 

In terms of philosophical outlook, his definitive statement was The Myth of the Twentieth Century – “…the most important Nazi text after Mein Kampf.”

The word “myth” here means “guiding idea” rather than “made-up story.” For Rosenberg, this starting premise has to do with “…the death of Materialism and Individualism” and the anticipated rise of a neopagan Volk.

In this, Rosenberg was shaped by Indian thought, the music of Richard Wagner, and the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer. For this background, see Part 1.

Rosenberg’s political thinking was indebted to the British-born theoretician Houston Stewart Chamberlain who, in 1899, published his pæan to Teutonism, The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century.

Within the pages of Rosenberg’s volume, the author detailed an “occult history” of the Aryan race whose “original home” had been the fabled and ill-fated lost civilization of Atlantis.

Far from the sun-kissed islands of Bimini or the conflict-riddled “Holy Land” of Palestine – two oft-favored locations for the vanished continent – Rosenberg situated Atlantis near the North Pole. This hyperborean focus was seamlessly woven into a tapestry that included the legendary Thule and that explained the symbolism of the “Black Sun.” The latter – found, for instance, as a mosaic in the SS-embellished Castle at Wewelsburg – was a stylized recollection of the arctic summer, when daylight was visible at midnight. 

Along with William Scott-Elliot and numerous others, Rosenberg integrated the story of Atlantis into speculative anthropology. 

But the genesis of this Atlantean mythos owes much to Theosophical foundress, H. P. Blavatsky, whom we profiled in our first installment …

…as well as in “Top 10 Occultists of All Time.”

On this roughly Blavatskian view, “…humankind has evolved through different phases of spiritual growth and intellectual development, each of these being known as a root race. The present state of humanity is broadly identified as the fifth root race. It was preceded by the Atlantean (fourth) and Lemurian (third) root races, both of which were engulfed in cataclysms.” In this picture, “…the blonde-haired blue-eyed race …[descended from the] Atlantean.”

Finally, Rosenberg was noteworthy for his opposition to the Roman Catholic Church. His method, in this, “is a staple of occult literature” – namely, playing up the “theme …that the true religion… has been concealed by an establishment conspiracy.”

Rosenberg lauded “the Albigensians, Waldenses, Cathars, Arnoldists, Stedingers, Huguenots, and reformed Lutherans,” as exemplars. Whoever was vilified as a “Heretic” by the Vatican was eulogized by Rosenberg as a “martyr of free research” and a “hero of Nordic philosophy.”

For Rosenberg, pure expression of volk free thinking was epitomized in people like the thirteenth-century Dominican neoplatonist Meister Eckhart. We have referred to him in several past videos including our deep-dive into “Neoplatonism.”

8 — Rudolf John Gorsleben

A one-time proponent of Ariosophy, he was a member of von Liebenfels’ Order of New Templars. Later, in Munich, he had brief dealings with Dietrich Eckart and Julius Streicher and would ultimately join the Thule Society. 

Gorsleben’s lasting impact – if not memorialization of his name – was guaranteed by his groundbreaking modern translation of the Edda which, he believed, contained the vestiges of an ancient Aryan religion.

Building upon a foundation of esoteric genealogy laid by Guido von List, and continuators like Johannes Balzli, Gorsleben advanced an idiosyncratic etymology of the word “race,” which he leveraged to argue that pure-bred Germans (in particular) had peculiar claims to innate divinity.

Consequently, Gorsleben’s project, aborted by his premature death, became a quest to reawaken latent Aryan “occult powers” by employing a combination of hermetic, Kabbalistic, and magical procedures and genetic segregation. Gorsleben “elaborated upon the wisdom of the runes, mantic sciences, the Edda, and Teutonic astrology.”

Much of this was in line with the professed goals of Madame Blavatsky’s society. And when we get to Heinrich Himmler (in just a few minutes), we’ll see one result of this new Theosophical reading of the Edda. Specifically, it inspired a whole crop of esoteric archaeologists that combed the earth looking for evidence of Aryan prehistory – all under the ægis of the SS.

Believe it or not, a lot of this spirit has been carried over into some “Ancient-Astronaut” and “Ley-Line” investigations and movements as far flung as the New Age and Transhumanism.

7 — Gregor Schwartz-Bostunitsch

This Russian-born writer became estranged from his homeland following the Bolshevik Revolution, on which we hope to have more to say in the future.

Along with Gen. Anton Denikin, Cossack Grigory Semyonov, Baron Pyotr Wrangel, and others, Bostunitsch seems to have been highly placed within “White Russian” resistance movements. 

These were so named because they contrasted with the red symbolism of the Communists.

After fleeing Soviet Russia and its murderous apparatchiki, he traveled – ostensibly, in search of mystical as well as political insight.

At first, Bostunitsch decamped for the Caucasus Mountains, where he met an unknown teacher that the late researcher James Webb identified as the pervasive G. I. Gurdjieff.

For more on him, look for our upcoming video “Top Ten 20th-Century Occultists.”

Later, Bostunitsch made his way to Bulgaria. There, he was received by a circle of Theosophists gathered around Peter Deunov, founder of the Universal White Brotherhood.

Intuitively, there is a parallel to the “Great White Brotherhood” of Madame Blavatsky, the Russian co-founder of the Theosophical Society whom we discussed in Part One.

The basic idea is that a group of perfected entities – known as “Ascended Masters” – guide or control the mundane world from behind the scenes.

Bostunitsch then mixed these ideas with Rudolf Steiner’s “Anthroposophy,” which our peripatetic expatriate discovered while shuttling between Yugoslavia and Germany.

Once in Germany, however, he abandoned the Steiner school – which he (like Dietrich Eckart) came to regard as part of a Judeo-Masonic conspiracy – and embraced Ariosophy instead.

Changing his surname to Schwartz-Bostunitsch, he set up shop with Alfred Rosenberg’s news agency and joined the S.S. in 1944.

From then on, he was much in demand as a lecturer. Given the honorific “Doktor Gregor,” Schwartz-Bostunitsch spoke throughout the Reich on Masonic intrigues.

“In May 1946, his name appeared for the last time on a prisoner list of SS officers compiled by the High Command of the American Armed Forces; this list is in a Moscow archive.” “[H]is eventual fate is unknown.”

6 — Karl Ernst Krafft

Born in Basel, Switzerland in 1939, he was regarded as an expert and insightful graphologist. “Graphology” refers to the purported determination of personality and psychological traits by scrutinizing the way a subject writes his or her letters.

This has been alluded to or mentioned in such films as Guy Ritchie’s Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows, from 2011, and David Fincher’s Zodiac, of 2007. 

In Donnie Darko, the 2001 cult classic by James “Richard” Kelly, police investigators work with school administrators to try to identify a vandal using a clumsy handwriting-analysis technique.

Elements of this were also present in the horrifying, 1888 Jack-the-Ripper serial-murder case, which had been overseen by then-commissioner Sir Charles Warren. 

In a future video, we may turn our attention to some little-considered aspects of that momentous occurrence. It’s of interest for numerous reasons, not least of which was the fact that Warren was a high-ranking Freemason and  later a principal founder of the significant Quatuor Coronati “research lodge” in London. 

Even earlier, starting in 1867, Warren secretly explored the catacombs beneath the Jerusalem Temple Mount – a site that is increasingly portentous in the latest Arab-Israeli “war.”

In any case, Karl Krafft’s primary field was astrology. And, according to his admirers, he “had already proved himself a talented seer” when “[o]n November 2, 1939, he …predicted [imminent] mortal danger for [Adolf] Hitler…”.

Indeed, less than a week later, “[o]n November 8, Hitler spoke at a rally commemorating the anniversary of the Munich Beer Hall Putsch.” Moments after leaving the main podium, a bomb went off, devastating the stage and caving in the building’s superstructure. The explosion maimed over sixty people, and killed eight bystanders.

The first instinct of German police was to suspect Krafft’s involvement in what was obviously a well-planned, but failed, assassination attempt.

By successfully projecting his innocence, Krafft simultaneously testified to his psychic powers. He was straightaway promoted to a psy-op campaign termed “…the Nostradamus Project.”

“Nostradamus,” of course, was the almost “…magical pseudonym…” of the sixteenth-century French-born astrologer and prognosticator, Michel de Nostre Dame… . Nostradamus …published his famous predictive writings, The Centuries, in 1555.” He recorded alleged prophecies in nearly one thousand cryptic, four-line poems known as “Quatrains.” 

According to numerous Western sources: “…Nostradamus at times seems to have had a remarkable foresight into the events of the French Revolution, and some have discerned references in his writings to [Italian leader Benito] Mussolini and [Adolf] Hitler.”

Krafft’s job was to interpret the famous French seer’s prognostications with a “pro-Nazi slant”. To illustrate, Krafft associated Hitler with Nostradamus’s “grand duke of Armenia”.

Krafft was also said to have originated the “notion that Nostradamus …predicted the German blitzkrieg [‘lightning war’] that resulted in the 1940 occupation of Paris…”.

Meanwhile, of course, “Allied” analysts were busy vilifying Hitler with other of Nostradamus’s passages. In Britain, this included MI5 operative and astrologer Louis de Wohl, psych-warfare propagandist Sefton Delmer, and Naval Intelligence agent (and later James-Bond creator) Ian Fleming. A well-known illustration of their efforts is the passage which “predicts” that Hitler was the “Western-European …child …seduce[d] a great many people.” 

Finally, we’ll note that some say Hitler himself displayed signs of clairvoyance. According to Pauwels and Bergier, “Hitler predicted exactly the date of the entry of his troops into Paris… When he decided to reoccupy the Rhineland in 1935, all the experts in Europe, including the Germans, were convinced that France and England would resist. Hitler predicted that they would not. He also [supposedly] announced [in advance] the date of the death of [four-term American President Franklin D.] Roosevelt.”

Perhaps it was more than a coincidence that “one of the most heavily annotated books in Adolf Hitler’s personal library” was Ernst Schertel’s 1923 Magic: History, Theory and Practice. 

Interlude

A number of second-stringers didn’t quite rate a full treatment, here. But, in passing, we’ll mention Count Karl Friedrich Dürckheim-Montmartin. Sometimes referred to in print as Karlfried Graf Dürckheim, he was a strident anti-Communist who, after World War II, converted to an idiosyncratic combination of Jungian “depth psychology” and Zen Buddhism. 

Although largely forgotten today, Eugen Herrigel operated on a similar wavelength. In fact, Herrigel’s posthumously published “The Zen Way,” was supposedly translated into English by Alan Watts, who helped popularize and Westernize versions of Eastern religion.

Of more importance was Wilhelm Theodor H. Wulff, whose 1968 book, published in English as the Zodiac and Swastika, purported to describe How Astrology Guided Hitler’s Germany.

One episode reported by Wulff was the Reich’s alleged attempt to locate ousted Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini in 1943. 

Foreign-intelligence chief Walter Schellenberg was said to have put a number of esoterics on the trail of Il Duce. These included Wilhelm Gutberlet and Ludwig Straniak, …

…who are remembered for their prowess in the far-out field of “dowsing.” This is a form of divination in which the practitioner uses “[a] forked rod, or branch of a tree, which in the hands of certain people is said to indicate, by means of spasmodic movements of varying intensity, the presence of…” some sought-after item. Usually, this would be “…water and minerals underground.” But, in our case (it would seem), the target was Mussolini, who was recovered by the Luftwaffe working with an SS contingent under Otto Skorzeny.

5 — Ignaz Trebitsch-Lincoln

A Hungarian-born intriguer, his uncanny ability to disguise and reinvent himself was matched only by his seemingly endless capacity for charming political heavy hitters. 

Reportedly, at one time or other, he had ingratiated himself with British Prime Minister David Lloyd George; American Federal Bureau of Investigation chieftain, J. Edgar Hoover; and German SS frontman, Heinrich Himmler.

Without question, Trebitsch-Lincoln is one of, if not the strangest characters on our list. Raised Jewish, he converted to Christianity and reportedly became a missionary in Canada.

Through various ecclesiastical channels in Anglicanism, he ended up in Britain where, in 1910, he managed to get elected to Parliament. 

After bouncing amongst Germany, the Netherlands, and Romania, he “set himself up as a double (or rather a triple) agent during World War I,” according to his biographer Bernard Wasserstein.

A tangle of schemes followed, during which he had a run-in with the American Pinkertons – who had apparently been hired by the British Crown to apprehend him.

The Pinkertons, of course, were – and indeed, through a jumble of mergers and acquisitions, remain – a combination detective agency and security-guard force. Named after their founder, Allan J. Pinkerton, they rose to prominence during the fratricidal fray known as the “Civil War” when Pinkerton inveigled himself into upper-level Union circles. During the “Reconstruction Era,” his private army enforced corporate diktats when they were hired as “strikebreakers.”

The Pinkertons succeeded in locating Trebitsch-Lincoln and dragged him back to His Majesty’s Prison in Parkhurst, on the Isle of Wight. The commotion just previewed the coming attractions.

Trebitsch-Lincoln allegedly knew Dietrich Eckart, an early founder of the German Workers Party. 

But, during the 1920s, he was mostly associated with a right-leaning German revolutionary government under Wolfgang Kapp. In fact, Trebitsch-Lincoln became the movement’s press secretary during its brief seizure of power in Berlin.

At this stage, he was agitating in favor of restoring monarchies all over Europe. These pro-royalists – including Waldemar Pabst – formed a loosely knit group referred to as the “White International.” The name was presumably intended to mark a contrast with the Communist International (Comintern) which was sometimes designated the “Red International.”

Trebitsch-Lincoln shuffled over to the island country of Sri Lanka (Ceylon), where he studied Buddhism. Incredibly, he underwent ordination (upasampadā) to become a monk. 

Then, exploiting a network of Chinese warlords, Trebitsch-Lincoln finagled his way into the orbit of Tibetan Buddhists. Upon the death of the Thirteenth Dalai Lama in 1933, he declared himself to be the new Dalai Lama! Unsurprisingly, the outlandish claim received virtually no support in Tibet. However, his profession may have been championed in some Japanese circles – though, this was probably for geopolitical (rather than theological) reasons. 

Incidentally, Russian occultist-painter Nicholas Roerich was also posing as a Dalai Lama. 

Stranger still, the current – and supposedly bona fide – 14th Dalai Lama has been criticized for maintaining too cozy relationships with various National Socialists. For instance, “…he … cultivated friendly contacts with people such as the ex-SS [man] Bruno Beger… Beger …[was] a member of the …SS-Tibet Expedition organized by …in 1938/1939 whose primary goal was to find traces of an ancient, lost Indo-[Aryan] religion in the Himalayas. Some occult leaders in the SS were convinced that Tibetan Lamas are the key holders of these Indo-[Aryan] mysteries.”

The Dalai Lama was also friends with “…Heinrich Harrer, author of Seven Years in Tibet (a chronicle of his experiences with the Dalai Lama over seven years prior to his exile to India).”

In fact, Seven Years in Tibet was tackled by French film director Jean-Jacques Annand, with no less than Hollywood sex symbol Brad Pitt cast as the SS explorer, Harrer, himself. 

For a mention of the erotically infused Tibetan Kalachakra Tantra, see “10 ‘Sex-Magic’ Cults.”

From Tibet, the already convoluted story takes a number of dizzying additional turns – with Trebitsch-Lincoln landing in Shanghai to begin his own monastery. 

Then operating as a British-instituted “International Settlement,” Shanghai was still reeling from the fallout of the Opium Wars. 

As the prospect of a second world war became ever likelier, Trebitsch-Lincoln is said to have been busy playing the Chinese and Japanese against one another. Coincidentally or not, Trebitsch-Lincoln’s time there seems to overlap with the so-called “January 28 Incident,” a Chinese-Japanese skirmish that led, months later, to the assassination of Japan’s premier.

For his final act, Trebitsch-Lincoln allied himself with Josef Meisinger, the Gestapo’s liaison to Tokyo. What he did in this capacity is not altogether clear. However, it’s worth recalling that Trebitsch-Lincoln fell within that subset of occultists who believed in, and advocated a search for, the group of legendary Tibetan adepts known as the “Ascended Masters.”

These enthusiasts included G. I. Gurdjieff and the above-named Roerich, both of whom we mentioned in our video “10 Occultists Who Were Accused Spies.”

Of course, as mentioned above, one of the principal theorists of this Great-White-Brotherhood mythos was H. P. Blavatsky, whom we profiled in Part 1.

The Stoic philosopher Seneca attributed to Aristotle the observation: “There is no great genius without a touch of madness.” One may be forgiven for suspecting that this might have applied to Trebitsch-Lincoln. Indeed, it may also apply to our next entrant.

4 — Karl Maria Wiligut

The details of his life before 1933 are sketchy. He appears to have been born into a fairly well-connected family of career military men – a tradition continued by Karl.

While stationed with the Austro-Hungarian infantry in Moravia around 1900, Wiligut encountered “a curious prehistoric [standing stone] called the Rabenstein… As a result, he began reading the books of Guido von List, …[the] founder of …Ariosophy ….”. [Silent slide follows.]

Wiligut then moved to Vienna, where he connected with Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels’s Order of New Templars, or O.N.T. We profiled both List and von Liebenfels in Part 1.

The O.N.T. became Wiligut’s entrée into Vienna’s wider occult world. That world included the Austrian branch of Madame H. P. Blavatsky’s Theosophical Society, which had been dominated by the little-remembered esoteric Friedrich Eckstein. Once again, we direct viewers back to Part 1, where we profile both Blavatsky and Eckstein. 

At some point in all this, presumably during the 1920s, Wiligut was exposed to British occultist Violet Mary Firth.

Otherwise known as “Dion Fortune,” she will be a fixture in our upcoming “Top Ten 20th-Century Occultists.”

For now, we’ll note that her idiosyncratic esotericism (Anglo-centric though it may have been), was informed by racial theorizing. Fortune combined the legend of lost Atlantis with the voluminous lore associated with Britain’s mythical King Arthur.

All this must have resonated in Vienna as well, not least because Eckstein’s circle was partial to Wagnerian opera. In 1882, Wagner premiered Parsifal at his Bayreuth Festival Theatre. The production was based upon thirteenth-century German poet Wolfram von Eschenbach’s medieval romance Parzival and centered around the Knight Percival’s search for the Holy Grail.

Wiligut was naturally focused upon Germanic mythology. Accordingly, he joined Gorsleben’s Edda Society, which we named above.

Where Wiligut really distinguished himself, however, was as a clairvoyant. He complemented book learning with his own, alleged ancient “ancestral memory.” This amounted to numerous “…tales of prehistoric Aryan glory…”. SS-Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler – whom we will discuss in a moment – is said to have much “enjoyed listening to [Wiligut].” And that endorsement sufficed to launch Wiligut into the stratosphere.  

But his most “‘spectacular contribution’ …to National Socialist Germany was the development of the Wewelsburg as the castle and ceremonial center of the SS order. Acquired by the SS in 1934, …the castle …[was conceptualized by] Wiligut … as the ‘center of the world,’ an Ariosophic ‘Vatican’ and [an] occult academy.”

This legacy was passed to more recent figures such as Temple of Set founder, Michael A. Aquino. The now-retired lieutenant colonel, who had reportedly worked in psychological-warfare operations – or “PsyOps” – for the U.S. Army, inaugurated his “Order of the Trapezoid following a magical working …performed at the Castle of Wewelsburg in 1982.”

Contemporary neopagan and Odinist, Stephen Flowers – known for his studies on runology – joined Aquino’s group in 1984. For some background information, once again see Part 1.

Another “conspicuous [example]” of a person “who sympathize[d] with some aspect of National Socialist imagery or ideology …is Anton [LaVey]…,” whom we ranked in “Top 10 Occultists.”

LaVey introduced the German-language text of his “…ritual …‘The Electrical Preludes’… published in his 1972 work The Satanic Rituals” with an alleged quote from Dietrich Eckart. 

Eckart himself was a mystic in the mold of Jacob Böhme and Angelus Silesius – both of whom owed much to Medieval Neoplatonists Meister Eckhart, Johannes Tauler, and Heinrich Suso.

But, as we tune off the darker, LaVeyan frequency, we’ll note that not all active, World-War-II-era German occultists were National Socialists. One example was runologist Friedrich Bernhard Marby, who was supposedly jailed under the Third Reich.

Another case in point: mystic and renegade Armanist Siegfried Adolf Kummer. His views evidently opposed those of the high-ranking, SS occultist known as “Himmler’s Rapustin,” whom we will meet later. The ensuing antipathy landed Kummer in the clink as well.

Then there’s Eugen Grosche. Better known as “Gregor A. Gregorius,” he founded the “Thelemic” Fraternitatis Saturni, or “Brotherhood of Saturn.”

This Brotherhood was continued by the likes of the now-deceased neo-pagan and runologist Karl Spiesberger.

Possibly, his runology competed with that endorsed by Adolf Schleipfer, who resurrected the Guido von List Society and the Armanic Order.

3 — Rudolf Hess

Adolf Hitler’s longtime deputy had actually been born in the esoterically saturated land of Egypt.

Like Hitler himself, Hess was “[a] vegetarian.” In this, both men were evidently influenced by Pythagoras, who advocated the dietary practice – as mentioned in our dedicated video.

To situate Pythagoras among the greatest esoterics of all time, see “Top 10 Occultists.”

As explained in Part 1 of our study, this orientation toward vegetarianism was funneled to Ariosophists via Richard Wagner and his occult-minded admirer Friedrich Eckstein.

One of the clearest-cut examples of a high-ranking Nationl-Socialist occultist, Hess was partial to astrology, Ariosophy, herbalism, hermeticism, and even magic.

However, unlike many others of similar temperament – including even Thule Society founder Rudolf von Sebottendorff – Hess viewed himself as an implacable enemy of Freemasonry. 

This had partly to do with the fact that, historically, early founders of institutional Masonry associated with various Jewish rabbis (such as Judah Templo) and drew upon Kabbalistic symbols. (See, the similarity between the “Star of David” and the Compass and Square.) 

This means that the occult landscape became, in essence, a spiritual battleground on which you had German neopagans facing off against Kabbalistic “sex magicians.”

And this wasn’t confined to Germany. According to Ordo Templi Orientis occultist and Wiccan founder Gerald Gardner, whom we profiled in “Top 10 Occultists of All Time,” …

… “[T]he [witch] covens of Great Britain [allegedly] met on the coast of England in 1940 …[and] raised …an intense agglomeration of spiritual energy …[called] the ‘burning brand’ – …and supposedly beamed a mental message to the führer: ‘You cannot come. You cannot cross the sea.’” Some sources refer to this as “Operation Cone of Power.”

Another version of what is likely the same story has it that the forest ritual was – in fact – a psy-op, hatched by Ian Fleming and Cecil Williamson and codenamed “Operation Mistletoe.” It’s not for nothing the world of spycraft has been called a wilderness of mirrors.

Of course, there were people who seemed to cross these battle lines. For instance, there’s the curious esoteric writer Karl Hermann Heise (1872-1939). At one time or other, Heise was involved with Guido von List’s Ariosophy and runology, Rudolf Steiner’s Anthroposophy, and Ernst Otto Hænisch’s quirky and eclectic cult known as “Mazdaznan.” 

Although he was a stalwart anti-Mason, Heise nevertheless appears to have been affiliated with Leopold Engel and Theodor Reuss in their reconstituted Illuminati Order. Reuss, of course, went on to head the sex-magically-obsessed Ordo Templi Orientis.

But the ambiguities may cut even deeper. Peter Levenda asserts that the structure of List’s High Armanen Order was partially inspired by the Kabbalistic “Tree of Life.”

Of course, in List’s view, the Kabbalah was “erroneously thought to represent a Jewish mystical tradition.” List held that Armanism had been the wellspring of the relevant beliefs. 

Rudolf Gorsleben’s Edda Society, eventually taken over by occultist and Wiligut-disciple Werner von Bülow (1870–1947), seems likewise to have explored ostensibly Kabbalistic sigils, such as the hexagram known variously as the “Seal of Solomon” or the “Shield of David.”

On the other hand, German mythology itself is replete with “tree” symbolism. For example, there’s Yggdrasil, the “World Tree,” mentioned by Hollywood’s Marvel Cinematic Universe in movies such as Captain America: The First Avenger and Thor, both released in 2011.

Also keep in mind that, to many of these theorists, the events of the Bible (insofar as they were considered factual at all) were construed as having taken place in Germany. For example, to the previously discussed Wiligut, Jesus Christ was really an Irminist deity named Krist.

Mutatis mutandis, all this was not too dissimilar from the views of journalist William Comyns Beaumont who believed that the “…events …of the Bible …actually took place …in Britain”! 

In List’s case, knowledge of the Kabbalah may have been mediated from the British-based Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn via William Wynn Westcott and Franz Hartmann. 

And, remember, in the early twentieth century, the Golden Dawn said it was the English branch of a German Secret Society! Golden Dawn founders Samuel Liddell “MacGregor” Mathers and William Wynn Westcott claimed that their order was chartered by a mysterious – and possibly fictitious – Rosicrucian adept. Allegedly the lovechild of ousted Bavarian King Ludwig I, this adept – supposedly named Anna Sprengel – tied the British magicians to German occultism.

Similar things are said about a certain American college fraternity headquartered at Yale Univ. Some suggest that “…Skull and Bones [just is] the Yale Chapter of a German society.” 

Recall that: “From 1831 to 1832, [Skull-and-Bones founder William Huntington] Russell studied in Germany. It has been suggested [that] while there, he was initiated into a German society that inspired Skull and Bones. …[Of course, t]he [original] German ‘Illuminati’ was outlawed …by an edict of the Bavarian government in 1785 and it is assumed [by those suspect this wasn’t the end of the story] that they then became a truly secretive underground organization” after that. Although it’s anyone’s guess whether Skull and Bones is literally a continuation of the Bavarian Illuminati, this much is clear. The U.S. was periodically on its guard against Freemasonry. 

This was no truer, perhaps, than in the aftermath of the 1826 William Morgan Affair. 

As discussed in “Presidents & Secret Societies,” William Morgan was kidnapped and believed murdered by Freemasons for exposing the secrets of their order. The episode prompted the creation of the Anti-Masonic political party – the first major “third party” of note in U.S. history. 

Similarly, “[i]n 1939, on the eve of World War II,” Rudolf Hess – along with other N.S. functionaries – worried “that the Third Reich was threatened by a sinister Judeo-Masonic conspiracy, which …was fomenting the imminent conflict.”

This was elaborated upon in 1943 by French film director Maurice Remy in his sensational Forces Occultes. The story follows the activities of an intrepid “young Frenchman who infiltrates the brotherhood to expose its role in starting the war.” We’ll have more in a future video. Look for “Ten 20th-Century Mystery Men” in which we’ll name a little-known behind-the-scenes operator who stands at ground level for the contemporary “Traditional-Catholic” movement.

Speculations abound regarding Hess’s possible esoteric connexions. As discussed in our first segment, one suggestion had it that he came out of alchemist R. A. Schwaller de Lubicz’s orbit. 

To hear others tell it, Hess may have covertly followed the precepts of Aleister Crowley. The suspicion was that Theosophist and Ordo Templi Orientis acolyte Martha Küntzel, in the circle of Franz Hartmann, might have introduced Hess to the “Great Beast’s” quasi-religion of Thelema.

Hess was also a known disciple of geopolitician Karl Haushofer, whom we mentioned above. If the more lurid accounts of Haushofer have any truth, they would imply that Hess was one of the high-level operators in the über-secret Thule Society.

Regardless of the truth of these conjectures, “…Hitler’s deputy Rudolf Hess” – along with Heinrich Himmler, whom we will consider momentarily – are both “said to have consulted with …astrologer[s] before making important decisions…”.

Of course, they weren’t the only world leaders who were enamored with esoteric arts. Two-time British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill was initiated into an order of Druids in 1908. [2nd img]

And four-term United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt had so many secret-society affiliations we dedicated a portion of an entire video sketching some of them.

On the Russian mystic Nicholas Roerich, who was connected to FDR through 33rd U.S. vice president – the Iowan Theosophist Henry Agard Wallace – see “10 Occultist Spies.”

Four decades after WWII, Ronald Reagen famously – or, infamously, as it were – arranged his presidential schedule according to the advice of his astrologers (partly at the behest of his wife). 

For more on this, look for our forthcoming presentation “10 Celebrity Astrologers.”

In Hess’s case, astrological devotion had a particularly dramatic attestation. I’m thinking of his “planned [personal] …secret mission” for which he allegedly depended on occult counselors.

“On May 10, 1941, Hess [allegedly] flew alone to Scotland, [ostensibly] hoping to forge an accord between the Germans and their fellow Aryans in Great Britain.” 

The story goes that “[t]he mission failed miserably…” and, after 1966, Hess ended up in virtual solitary confinement for decades until he supposedly ended his own life in 1987.

Or… did he? 

Among the people to raise doubts about this account is a man described by “Big Five” Publishing giant HarperCollins as a “surgeon and forensic expert of international repute.”

According to W. Hugh Thomas, writing in his book The Murder of Rudolf Hess, the man long incarcerated in Spandau had not been Hess, but a double.

These days, the Google-approved view is that various DNA tests have put paid to this worry.

Whether this is so or not, we’ve no idea. We can’t comment on questions about the chain of evidence or about the reliability and trustworthiness of the testing procedures. But, it’s curious to us that these press releases are seldom (if ever) cross-checked with numerous mainstream admissions about widespread distortions – or outright fabrications – of genetic-test results. In the words of one U.S. attorney and “forensic pathology expert”: “In the United States[,] we take science as gospel. …The public perception is that faking science is rare. The truth is[,] it happens all the time.”

This isn’t even to note, additionally, that if facial characteristics are determined by our genetics, then it follows (fairly trivially) that two people with similar appearance will have genetic overlap – regardless of family relationship. 

One-time Spandau commandant, Col. Eugene K. Bird, advanced a different hypothesis. In Bird’s view, Prisoner #7 had genuinely been Rudolf Hess. But Bird felt that many mysteries had simply been swept aside regarding Hess’s daring flight. 

Why had Hess been attempting to meet with Royal Air Force Commodore Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton? Had Hitler been aware of Hess’s intentions? Had Hess been aware of the Fürher’s Operation Barbarossa, an invasion of the Soviet Union carried out one month after Hess’s arrest? Why was Hess being held by himself, presumably at lavish expense, in a fortress designed to hold hundreds?

Significantly, despite their different emphases, Bird and Thomas concurred in supposing that Spandau Prisoner #7 had been murdered. And, of course, all the lingering genetic questions go no distance toward deciding whether an arthritic 93-year-old man with limited range of arm motion could manage to have hanged himself from a window latch using an electrical cord.

2 — Otto Rahn

He was “a medievalist who had made a study of the lost cultures of Provence and Languedoc. [But, above all,] Rahn, who had lately become an officer in the SS, was fascinated with the Holy Grail. He read great significance into the passages from Parzifal in which Wolfram [von Eschenbach] describes the sources of his work,” especially the mysterious poet “Guyot.”

We may focus upon Grail mythology another time. For now, suffice it to say that there have been two main schools of thought on what the Grail is. According to one, owing to 12th-century French Troubadours Chrétien de Troyes and Robert de Boron, the Grail is a cup. 

This view is commonly taken in popular depictions like John Boorman’s 1981 Excalibur and Steven Spielberg’s 1989 Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. Usually, this sort of Grail is identified as the vessel used by Jesus Christ during the last supper and, perhaps, the one used by Joseph of Arimathea to catch Jesus’s blood when He was crucified. Following Eschenbach… 

“…Rahn believed [instead]… that the grail was not a cup but a set of stone or wooden tablets on which the sum of all esoteric knowledge had been inscribed, probably in runic characters.” 

We briefly touched on related “tablet esoterica” in our videos “10 Gold-Making Alchemists,” …

…“Pythagoras,” and

…“The Stone of Destiny.”

The story seems to begin in the Old Testament Book of Genesis, chapter four. In the genealogy given for Adam and Eve’s son Cain, one “Lamech” appears as the father of four children. 

His offspring are said to have originated various primitive arts and sciences. Several extra-biblical traditions suggest that they may have learned these from various fallen angels and that they recorded the particulars on two tablets. These stories may underlie Eschenbach.

In any case, Heinrich “Himmler and at least a few of his colleagues came to believe that the tablets might prove to be the long-lost Book of the Aryans – a pagan ‘Ten Commandments,’ which would support their notion of an Aryan super-race.”

In Parzifal, the Grail Castle – headquarters of the “Fisher King,” Amfortas (or Anfortas) – is referred to as “Munsalvæsche.” The mysterious word permits no definitive translation. But, scholars specializing in the medieval languages of Occitan and Provençal, speculate that it either meant “Wild Mountain” or “Mount of Salvation.”

Rahn identified Munsalvæsche with the old Cathar stronghold “Montségur, in Languedoc.”

Before the Cathars were slaughtered by Catholic, anti-Albigensian crusaders, “four …[knights] escaped …by lowering themselves down the cliff …on ropes and then made off with the grail.”

In this Cathar spirit, Rahn sought the Grail to restore the supposed original form of Christianity. To Rahn, this was a thoroughly Germanic neopaganism in which the truth – or the “Light” – “was [not] represented by …Jesus or Jehovah …but by …the ‘Light-Bearer’ …Lucifer.”

Twice, Himmler allegedly sent “…Rahn to rummage through the ruins of Montségur” in order to find and retrieve this Grail.

“No one can today say with certainty whether or not the grail was ever captured by Nazis. …Otto Rahn committed suicide after returning from Montségur for the second time, and he took to the grave whatever secrets he knew.” 

Of course, Rahn’s mystique persists… not least in the character – Indiana Jones – he is said to have partially inspired.

1 — Heinrich Himmler

The man who served Adolf Hitler as Reichsführer of the much-dreaded Schutzstaffel (“SS”), or “Protection Squad” was also the confluence for many of the occult currents we have surveyed. 

Like Hess, Himmler covered many of the occult bases that were then au courant. His interests ran to astrology, herbalism, hypnosis, runology, spiritualism, and telepathy.

Essentially, he “combined …occult revival with an illuminated nationalism.” So, Himmler was, in a sense, an Idealistic Nationalist. But, for Himmler, National Socialism had nothing to do with Communism – except for being its mortal enemy!

The sense of “socialism” was instead grounded in a “feeling of unity” – arising from shared Nordic-Teutonic ancestry – and it drove toward a thoroughly spiritual society. A more accurate phrase might well have been (something like) Germanic Tribalism.

Like Alfred Rosenberg, Himmler was keyed-in on the wavelength of Ariosophy which, as discussed in Part 1, aimed to resurrect distinctly German forms of neo-paganism.

To this end, Himmler poured the SS out of the mold of the Catholic crusaders. In fact, the SS even bore a resemblance to the much-later Jesuits. Indeed, Adolf Hitler referred to Himmler as “my Ignatius Loyola.” Ignatius of Loyola, of course, had been the principal founder of that order, whose official name is the Society of Jesus and which had been instituted as the militant right arm of the Counter-Reformation.

“In its command structure, secret oaths, and rituals, the SS was fashioned after the knightly religious brotherhoods of medieval Germany.” The SS had its own secret ceremonials and sanctuaries, including one at the previously mentioned Wewelsburg Castle.

And Wewelsburg was only one of a network of castle-sanctuaries belonging to the order. 

A primary vehicle for systematizing his worldview perspective “was the organization known for short as the Deutsches Ahnenerbe, which Himmler made part of the SS.”

Under the auspices of the SS-Ahnenerbe, Himmler conferenced with various esoterics and “orientalists” with an eye toward “construct[ing] …a new Indo-[Aryan] Nazi Religion.”

The Ahnenerbe made documentary films promoting pagan ritualism.

And it undertook archaeological and exploratory expeditions. Himmler’s anthropologists sought confirmation – for example, in artifacts and runes – of root-race Theosophy. 

According to Pauwels and Bergier, it was the Ahnenerbe that had made contact with the “secret masters” of Shambhala – as described in Kalachakra Tantra.

And it was the Ahnenerbe that sought fabled, and supposedly power-infused, objects like the Holy Grail and the Spear of Destiny – if Trevor Ravenscroft is to be believed.

We mentioned the Spear – or “Lance of Longinus” – in our video “10 Unnamed Bible Figures.”

Himmler’s occultism inspired comics such as the Hellboy franchise. As to the legendary Grail, Himmler himself looked for it at the Benedictine monastery of Montserrat near Barcelona, Spain.

The SS chief had been following up on the same lead we previously noted when we discussed Otto Rahn. In Himmler’s estimation, clues regarding the identity of the Grail castle of Munsalvæsche actually led to Montserrat.

As far as we know, Himmler came up empty handed. But the SS-Ahnenerbe’s fascination with magical totems has inspired numerous Hollywood films – including several installments of the Indiana Jones franchise – not least, the inaugural, 1987 blockbuster Raiders of the Lost Ark.

Then there are the intriguing claims of curious, Austrian-born Anthroposphist and homeopath Walter J. Stein. The one-time physician to British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill predicted that “…the true grail would be made manifest in the world as a global form of finance capital.”

Perhaps this is the sub rosa reason for the close connexion between economic powerhouses like the Bank of England and the Federal Reserve System and the ancient art of alchemy.

For more detail and context, see our video “Top 10 Gold-Making Alchemists.”

Outro –

It would be tempting to say that the conclusion of the Second World War closed the book on the occult themes canvassed herein. But, several factors suggest that this is mistaken. 

A direct descendant – often credited to Heinrich Himmler – is the current often called “Esoteric Hitlerism,” a seminal articulation of which was owed to Maximiani Julia Portaz. Better known as “Savitri Devi,” she associated Germans with Hindus and considered Adolf Hitler to have been an incarnation (or “Avatar”) of the major Indian god Vishnu.

We mentioned Devi, in conjunction with intelligence work, in “10 Occultist Spies.” 

Another mentionable is the Chilean statesman Miguel Serrano. Serrano, who included Swiss psychologist Carl Jung and novelist Hermann Hesse among his associates, created a stream of Esoteric Hitlerism combining ceremonial magic with Kundalini Yoga. 

A tangent line involves Britain’s “royals.” Shortly after abdicating, the man who was briefly King Edward VIII toured N. S. Germany – which, to quote from his Wikipedia article, “…fed rumours that he was a Nazi sympathiser.” 

How wide-spread these “sympathies” might have been is a still largely unexplored question. But it’s been given renewed impetus owing to frontpage images such as (in Jan. 2005) of Prince Harry sporting a Nazi uniform – complete with a Swastika armband.

The possibly illegitimate prince, who is routinely presented by the media as something of a pariah within King Charles’s family, now says that Prince William and Princess Catherine (known as “Kate Middleton”) put him up to the stunt.

One does wonder – especially given The Sun’s revelations, ten years later, that the late Queen Elizabeth II herself may have been introduced to (well …let’s just say) now-politically incorrect beliefs when she was a girl.

When she grew older, Elizabeth was successfully wooed by a dashing scion of the German House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. Of course, by the time of their marriage in the numerologically interesting year 1947, he was styling himself Prince Philip Mountbatten.  

In the post-war environment, Philip’s three surviving sisters weren’t invited to the ceremony. Two of them had married royals who became members of the National Socialist Party …

…as had Princess Cecilie who died prematurely – with her husband – in a plane crash in 1937. Brother Philip attended her funeral surrounded by “Nazi” regalia, Swastikas, and Storm-Trooper outfits. (Many of these owed their designs to R. A. Schwaller de Lubicz. And, doubtless, many were manufactured by Hugo Boss, as mentioned in Part 1 of our study.) 

We also note that the Greek angle has interesting elements we may develop in a future video. To get started now, see our presentation “10 Mysterious Mediterranean Islands.”

Tie-ins may be discerned from the fact that Prince Philip was born on the Island of Corfu. He maintained a lifelong relationship with the Greek Orthodox Church. This latter fascination was reportedly passed to his son, Charles III. Obviously, British royalty has to display affection for, and involvement in, Anglican Protestantism – specifically, the Church of England. 

Still, Philip and Charles made numerous, mysterious pilgrimages to Holy Mount Athos on the male-only Halkidiki Peninsula. This would be a digression, presently, were it not that, “[d]uring the German occupation of Greece, the [Holy Administration’ governing peninsular affairs] formally asked Adolf Hitler to place the monastic community under his personal protection. Hitler agreed and received the title ‘High Protector of the Holy Mountain’ …from the monks.” Evidently true to his word, Hitler’s safekeeping preserved “The monastic community … [from] significant damage during the war.”   

We’d be negligent if we didn’t acknowledge “Western” appropriation of German engineers and intelligence agents. We’re thinking, of course, of the U.S. Army Counterintelligence Corps’s “Operation Paperclip,” which brought rocket scientist Wernher von Braun (&c.) into America. …possibly with the help of a Central Intelligence Agency asset named Clay Shaw.

There’s also German General Reinhard Gehlen, whose anti-Soviet “Gehlen Organization” fell under the sway of the likes of William Donovan, Allen Dulles, and Walter Bedell Smith. In other words, Gehlen came in at the ground floor of the creation of U.S. Central Intelligence.

We can’t forget Nikolaus “Klaus” Barbie, the former Gestapo chief and interrogation expert who was shielded by the CIA and the CIC and who – among other things – supposedly trained “Death Squads” in South American countries like Bolivia.

The so-called “School of the Americas” institutionalized training “for dictators, torturers and assassins,” as Noam Chomsky has observed in several places.

Apparently, the Israeli spook shop, Mossad, got in on the action by recruiting former Waffen-SS Obersturmbannführer and special-tactics expert Otto Skorzeny.

Finally, there’s the Bush family that produced the ex-Director of Central Intelligence and, later, 41st U.S. President, George Herbert Walker Bush, whom we discussed in “10 Occultist Spies.”

Family patriarch “…Prescott Bush …worked for …[the private investment-banking house] Brown Brothers Harriman (BBH), [which] acted as a U.S. base for the German industrialist, Fritz Thyssen, who helped finance Hitler in the 1930s…”.

And what rôle was played in this regard by Sosthenes Behn, founder of International Telephone & Telegraph, now known as ITT Inc.? In August 1933, Behn became one of the first American businessmen to visit “the new Chancellor of Germany, Herr Hitler…” – ostensibly on behalf of National City Bank. 

Further details are suggestive – tho, admittedly, inconclusive. One is the oft-alleged complicity of the Bank for International Settlements in “…transferr[ing] …[National Socialist] money to Argentina (and other Latin American countries) via the Vatican.”

Recall that the current “Vatican Bank” (technically euphemized as the Institute for the Works of Religion), founded in 1942, is run by a Board of Superintendents who report – ultimately – to the Pope. And that office, presently, is occupied by a Novus-Ordo Jesuit going by the name “Francis.” Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio, he hails from – and was a bishop in – Argentina. 

We won’t even get into Benedict XVI’s conscription into the Hitler Youth as a lad in 1939.

Antony Sutton, writing in the introduction to his 1976 investigation, Wall Street and the Rise of Hitler, remarked upon the “obvious” need to seriously consider “…the mystical origins” …and the neo-pagan historical roots of Naziism, the Bavarian Illuminati and the Thule Society…”. 

On that note, which throws us back upon our current – and important – topic, look for the future video “10 Precursors to the Illuminati.” And we’ll expand our investigations. So …stay tuned!

[Note: Some hyperlinks herein resolve to Amazon.com in service our our affiliate status. Your much-appreciated purchases assist our publication and research efforts. Thanks!]

10 U.S. Presidents Who Were Secret-Society Initiates

(And 10 of America’s Elite Brotherhoods)

Put faces with names, above!

Preface

In 1961, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy spoke to the American Newspaper Publishers Association, remarking, in part: “The very word ‘secrecy’ is repugnant in a free and open society; and we are as a people inherently and historically opposed to secret societies, to secret oaths, and to secret proceedings.”[1]

That these comments issued from JFK is interesting for several reasons. A main one is that his life would be publicly and violently snuffed out two and a half years later in what the United States House of Representatives Select Committee on Assassinations concluded was “probably” the “result of a conspiracy.”[2]

For more, see “10 Reasons to Believe JFK Was Killed by Conspiracy.”

That JFK would direct this message to newspaper men is also intriguing, not least because of post-Watergate-scandal revelations, reported by journalist Carl Bernstein, of collusion between the intelligence community and the press. More on these disquieting disclosures in a future video.

I take these – and myriad other – tidbits as indications of just how often the American people are kept in the proverbial “dark” about the inner workings of their own government.

This can be quickly – albeit roughly and even playfully – illustrated by surveying some of the ostensible “public servants” who were devotees of various organizations that, well… let’s just say aren’t entirely forthcoming about the goings on at their meetings. In this presentation we’ll do just that, by looking at the top ten Presidents of the United States alleged to have been card-carrying members of secret societies.

Caveats

This is intended for educational or entertainment purposes only. No allegations of wrongdoing, on the part of any individual or organization, are expressed or implied. The information supplied herein has been gleaned from public records. Its factuality is assumed. Referenced rankings and statistics are for comparison or illustration and have not been calculated with scientific rigor.

Introduction

According to authors Craig Heimbichner and Adam Parfrey, at “…the beginning of the twentieth century, …as many as one-third of all Americans belonged to a secret society…” of some kind.[3]

Without a doubt, the largest and best-known of these groups is Freemasonry.

Freemasonry, or the “Ancient Free and Accepted Masons,” are bundle of traditionally fraternal – that is, male-member-only – associations. The complicated origin story is not without interest and has been the subject of endless debate and speculation. To do it justice, it should probably have its own devoted presentation. But a few brief comments are in order, here.

Some historians trace Freemasonry, sometimes called the “Craft,” back to various societies of artisans, called collegia, that existed in Roman times. These may – or may not – have segued into Medieval trade guilds, specifically ones organized for stonemasons. These are craftsmen who have been trained to build, cut, and otherwise work with stone.

Allowing for technological developments and stylistic innovations, stonemasons have been credited with construction projects ranging from Europe’s great cathedrals, all the way back to the pyramids of Egypt and even the Biblical Tower of Babel.

At some point, approximately during the 17th century, groups of work-a-day masons began to fellowship with select men who did not have anything to do with stone, professionally. These first “non-operative” inductees were likely nobility or other wealthy patrons and their admission into the “order” launched so-called “speculative freemasonry.”

This is a fitting name since much has been conjectured about possible links between Freemasonry and streams of bona fide esotericism, such as alchemy, Kabbalah, and Rosicrucianism.

And many colorful connexions are asserted – with varying degrees of credibility – with all manner of predecessors from Gnostic-heretical groups like Catharism and Manichæanism, …

…military-religious orders such as the Knights of Malta and the Knights Templar, and other things besides.

The official emergence of institutional Freemasonry, as it’s known today, dates to the founding of what was then called the Grand Lodge of London but is today – after various growth and mergers – the United Grand Lodge of England. Masonic assemblies are termed “lodges.”

For various socio-political reasons, the order experienced explosive growth and even migrated across the ocean to America where many of the United States’s Founding Fathers, including Benjamin Franklin,[4] eagerly joined.

We highlighted Franklin in the video “10 Occultists Who Were Accused SPIES.” In that place we get into the possibility that was decidedly more satanic than the usual portrayals of him let on.

Ignoring, presently, the several U.S. Presidents who were members of multiple secret societies, we may name at least nine who almost certainly belonged to the Freemasons.

These include our first head of state, the Revolutionary War hero, George Washington;[5] …

…James Monroe, whose “Monroe Doctrine” arguably became the foundation of U.S. Imperialism; …

…Andrew Jackson, the hero of the War of 1812…

…whose opposition to the Second Bank of the United States is largely forgotten, but which loosened the grip of private interests over the nation for 80 years (until the creation of the Federal Reserve System); …

…James Polk, who spearheaded the country’s expansion into the south and west; …

…James Buchanan, whose legacy was, in part, the disastrous fratricidal conflict known as the “Civil War”; …

…Andrew Johnson, reportedly so inebriated at his vice-presidential inauguration he was nearly unable to recite his oath of office,[6] who became president after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln; …

…James Garfield, one of four “commanders in chief” to have been assassinated, and the only White-House occupant to have created a unique proof of the Pythagorean Theorem; …

For more information on the esoteric importance of Pythagoras, see our dedicated video.

…Lyndon Baines Johnson, Kennedy’s successor – allegedly implicated in the assassination by former Central Intelligence Agency asset E. Howard Hunt – whose “Great Society” program ushered in the Civil Rights Act and Medicare; …

…and Gerald Ford, birth name “Leslie Lynch King, Jr.,” remembered mainly for his participation in the Warren-Commission whitewash and for “pardoning” Richard Nixon who, you’ll recall, had been charged with abusing presidential power and obstructing justice to cover up the Watergate burglary.[7]

There are also a few others with possible masonic affiliations. Depending on the prejudices of the source, these possibilities may be leveraged into affirmations (as with some anti-Masonic authors) or are vociferously denied (as is the standard line from Masonic apologists).

Prominent, here are Thomas Jefferson, drafter of many of the nation’s important foundational documents (including the Declaration of Independence), and James Madison, who (alongside Alexander Hamilton and John Jay) helped write the Federalist Papers; …

…as well as Ulysses S. Grant and Rutherford B. Hayes, both of whom presided over the so-called “Reconstruction” era.

If we expand our list slightly, we might include William Jefferson “Bill” Clinton, born William Blythe III, to bring our count to fourteen.

You see, “Slick Willie” is touted as perhaps the most famous past member of the Order of DeMolay (now “DeMolay International”).

This group, which is basically Freemasonry for boys, was founded in 1919 and named after Jacques de Molay, a 14th-century of Knight Templar whose tenure as head (or “Grand Master”) of that military order coincided with its dissolution at the hands of King Philip IV of France and Pope Clement V. High-ranking Templars were accused of assorted crimes – such as desecrating Christian icons and sodomy – and many, including de Molay himself, were burned at the stake.

The junior masonry named in de Molay’s honor claims to instill values such as fierce loyalty, even in the face of death. It seems to have helped form our 42nd President, perhaps priming him for his instruction, under Georgetown University Professor Carroll Quigley, …

…in the history of the shadowy Round Table Group, a consortium of “think tanks” that were ostensibly the brainchild of 19th-century British colonialist and diamond magnate, Cecil Rhodes.

So far, we’ve limited ourselves to men who supposedly confined their fraternal horizons to Freemasonry. And we’re already knee deep in cryptopolitical intrigue!

The ‘Top-10’

But there are eleven others who apparently took to oaths and secret handshakes with more enthusiasm. These fellows were connoisseurs of confidential information and the societies that purport to guard it. I’ve loosely arranged the names as a “top-ten” list, where the entrants are ranked in descending order according to the number of societies they belonged to.

Admittedly, though, this list is a bit awkward.

Firstly, there are only five numerical positions represented. This is because there are so many “ties” – that is, occasions where a president has the same number of fraternal affiliations as one or more of his confrères.

Secondly, I’m not pretending to have plumbed the depths of each president’s membership profile. To put it another way, I may have neglected a few connexions.

I wasn’t especially concerned with thoroughness because, thirdly, this list is intended to be on the lighthearted side and doesn’t give any consideration to the possible cryptopolitical “weight” of any of the organizations included.

Finally, for expedience, I have only counted ten (or so) secret societies. While the inclusions are, I think, justifiable and representative of the field of options, they are not exhaustive.

In other words, the entire list is open to question. So, don’t take it too seriously!

Number 8

All that said, coming in at “number eight” (or, #s 8, 9, 10, and 11), we have a four-way tie among William Howard Taft, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Richard Milhouse Nixon, and George W. Bush who each belonged to at least two, publicly identifiable secret societies.

Infamous for his Watergate shenanigans – which we got into in “10 Occultist Spies” – …

…Nixon is routinely found on lists of the most hated or worst U.S. presidents.

One story has it that Nixon – who was supposedly self-conscious of his humble origins – was launched into power by the secretive “Committee of 100.” Not to be confused with the contemporary association of Chinese-American businessmen, the earlier incarnation was allegedly a consortium of rich California Republicans looking to unseat a popular “New Deal” Democrat named “Jerry” Voorhis.

As he rose to prominence, Nixon made his way onto the ticket with Dwight Eisenhower. However, revelations that Texas oil men had established a slush fund for him worth about $18,000 threatened to stop his career in its tracks.

He went on “air,” as it were, and delivered his now famous “Checkers speech.” Among other things, Nixon admitted receiving a cute puppy as a political gift but stated that, due to his family’s newfound affection for it, he resolved to keep it regardless of the consequences. The comments saved him and ultimately paved the way to the presidency over a decade later.

An interesting side note is that ol’ Tricky Dick himself “just happened” to be in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963. Officially, he was there in his capacity as legal counsel for the Pepsi Corporation.

Unofficially, well… there’s a video presentation that gets into the topic, if you’re interested.

Speaking of JFK, his inclusion on this list may seem odd given our opening quotation.

Then again, politicians have a generally poor reputation for consistency. As the 15th-16th-century Italian Renaissance philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli argued, political rhetoric is “…power-oriented in the sense that the orator’s mission was to mold his listeners’ responses and work on their wills.”[8]

It has long been rumored that JFK was, well… let’s say… given a “boost” on election day from certain “fixers” in the Chicago mob. Word on the street once was that JFK’s dad, Joseph Kennedy, made a deal with mafioso Sam Giancana to help get “Jack” into the White House. Apparently, someone either forgot to tell JFK, or he and his family decided to double cross La Cosa Nostra.

For, when JFK leveled up, his brother “Bobby” Kennedy continued his longstanding crusade against the “Outfit.” Usually pooh-poohed by academic types, this theory has been advanced to explain the spate of high-profile assassinations that seemed to disproportionately affect the Kennedys in the 1960s.

Perhaps, however, one may be tempted to give JFK a “pass.” For besides his membership in a group (to be discussed in a few minutes) that, by most accounts, was simply a drinking club, his primary affiliation seems to have been with the Fraternal Order of Eagles.

This group, initially formed in 1898 by a half dozen theater proprietors, subsequently became more politically active. It claims to be staunchly anti-Communist and claims credit for the institution of the Mother’s Day holiday as well as for campaigning in support of Franklin Roosevelt’s “New Deal” policies, including Social Security. In other words, the Fraternal Order of Eagles seems to operate fairly transparently – by secret-society standards, anyway.

Things are a bit different, however, the Yale-University-based order called “Skull and Bones,” which was introduced in the aforementioned “10 Occultists Who Were Accused SPIES.”

Founded by Connecticut businessman and politician William Huntington Russell, …

…it conducts its secretive rituals inside a windowless stone building cheerfully named the “Tomb.”

Sometimes referred to as “Chapter 322,” speculation abounds that this Ivy-League frat house functions as an American arm of the legendary New-World-Order architects known as the “Illuminati.”

In fact, according to a recent edition of Heart’s Biography magazine: “It is speculated that the number refers to the year 322 BCE, when Athens transformed from democracy to plutocracy following the death of the Greek orator Demosthenes.”[9]

Be that as it may, it is exceedingly interesting that Skull and Bones, with all its bizarre and – reportedly, sexualized – initiations, “just happened” to spring up in the aftermath of the William Morgan Affair that precipitated organized anti-Masonry in the United States.

The sordid scene unfolded in the town of Batavia, New York in 1826. One William Morgan – either a disgruntled ex-Mason or a lodge crasher, depending on the account you read – was arrested on a flimsy pretext. He was subsequently kidnapped by a posse of Freemasons who apparently gained access to him by posting his bail. Like that of Teamster boss James Riddle “Jimmy” Hoffa, Morgan’s fate is often said to be “unknown.” But the presumption, partially informed from a deathbed confession of one of the alleged perpetrators, was that Morgan was murdered.[10]

The motive was Freemasonic resentment toward Morgan because of a book-length exposé he wrote disclosing the secrets of their order.

In any event, the first “Third” political party in the U.S. was the short-lived Anti-Masonic Party, established in 1828. So it was, in 1832, during the ensuing anti-Freemasonic furor, that Skull and Bones cropped up in New Haven.

Its membership roster is a “Who’s Who” of American finance, industry, and politics. So-called “Bonesmen” have included Central Intelligence Agency “counter-intel” chieftain, James Jesus Angleton, Time-Life publisher Henry Luce, and Stephen Allen Schwarzman, the founder of the private-equity powerhouse Blackstone.

Numerous other names could be added to the list. But, for our purposes, we draw attention back to two. Number one, there’s William H. Taft, the only U.S. President to also have been a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

William Taft’s father, Alphonso Taft, helped get Skull and Bones going.

Number two, we have George W. Bush. Of course, “Dubya” was the son of George Herbert Walker Bush, …

…who we’ll get to shortly.

Both Bushes followed in the footsteps of Bush I’s father, Prescott, who – in 1917[11] or 1918[12] – allegedly used him time as a “Yalie Bonesman” to dig up the skull of the famous Apache Indian Geronimo and whisk it back to New Haven as an ornament.

The 2004 presidential election pitted Bonesman John Kerry against Bonesman George W. Bush.

Number 5

At number five,[13] we have a three-way tie. This triad is distinguished for the trio of secret fraternal organizations that make up its curriculum vitæ. And it is comprised of William McKinley, Ronald Reagan, and the previously named George Herbert Walker Bush. There are a few highlights – or lowlights – from this group.

For one thing, we have yet another president (McKinley) who was outright assassinated; …

…one president (Reagan) who was almost assassinated; …

…and a third (Bush I) who – at one time – was the director of a government agency that specializes in spycraft, covet action, and so-called “black ops,” including assassination.

All three were Republicans.

By way of a little background, we may turn to the History Channel which, in 2012, aired a series titled The Men Who Built America.

Over eight installments,[14] the “docudrama” staged fictionalized reenactments – purportedly based on real events – of portions of the lives of some of America’s “robber barons.”

The individuals spotlighted were 19th-century shipping and railroad tycoon Cornelius Vanderbilt; …

…19th-20th-century oilman John D. Rockefeller; …

…19th-20th-century industrialist Andrew Carnegie; …

…financier and Rothschild-banking asset J.P. Morgan; …

…and pioneering automobile manufacturer Henry Ford.

Episode #7, titled “Taking the White House,” centers on the attempt, by “Vanderbilt, Rockefeller, Carnegie and Morgan” to “unite in a bid to buy the White House by striking a lucrative deal with Ohio Governor, William McKinley.”[15]

According to the History Channel, this “bid” consisted at least partially of a “donation” of $30 million to McKinley courtesy of the above-named money trust.[16]

McKinley’s close ties to finance and industry, and his opposition by populist-Democrat and master orator William Jennings Bryan created – or, at least, cemented – the idea that Republicans are the “party of the rich.”

Further reinforcing this notion has been the tendency of Republican presidents – including Nixon,[17] Reagan and Bush I – to belong to yet another cryptic and private group. In this case, it is one that annually meets in Sonoma County, California, in the shady surrounds of imposing redwood trees.

Called the “Bohemian Club,” it hosts a summer retreat at the eponymous “Bohemian Grove” in Monte Rio, some 70-odd miles north of San Francisco.

Originally founded in 1872 by a cadre of newspaper men, it morphed into a clique for economic heavy-hitters and kingmakers. The “Grove” is an interesting symbol in its own right – one which I hope to explore in a future installment.

But as a literal forest hideaway, it appears to date from around 1901.

This was the era of President Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt, among whose claims to fame is launching the “conservationist movement,” which reclassified massive tracts of the country’s land as “National Parks,” making them off limits to developers.

…Unless, that is, you’re among the privileged class. Then you can go ahead and build your magnificent woodland haven in the middle of the John Muir Woods and have the grounds cared for by the National Park Service.[18]

As Mel Brooks’ character repeatedly exclaims in The History of World, Part 1: “It’s good to be the king.”

By some accounts, until Donald Trump took office, “[e]very Republican president since Herbert Hoover [had] belonged to the club.”[19]

A centerpiece of the “Summer High Jinks” spectacle performed at the Grove every year is a psychodrama titled the “Cremation of Care.” It features the supposedly mock-sacrificial immolation of a figure – designated “Dull Care” – below a humongous wooden owl (whose character, at one time, was voiced by a recording of longtime Columbia Broadcasting System anchorman Walter Cronkite).

For more on this conscience-banishing ritual, see “10 Occultists Who Were Accused SPIES.”

Number 3

In third place,[20] we have a two-way tie of those who belonged to no fewer than four secret societies.

Here, we’ll recall “Rough Rider” Teddy Roosevelt, whose corporate “monopoly-busting” is reputed to have struck a blow for the little guy, …

…but which resulted in John D. Rockefeller’s net worth skyrocketing to levels it hadn’t hit previously. I won’t hazard any guesses about whether this outcome was foreseen or unforeseen, intended or not intended. It is routinely asserted that Roosevelt took a turn to the left.

Indeed, he eventually opposed his former protégé, Bonesman William Howard Taft, in the 1912 election.

When the Trust Buster failed to obtain the Republican nomination, in the contest that wound up in the favor of Democratic Woodrow Wilson, he created his own third party.

Officially named the “Progressive Party,” it was popularly nicknamed the “Bull Moose Party,” after a bombastic comment from Roosevelt who defiantly claimed that he remained “strong as a bull moose” after being thrown over for Taft at the Republican Convention.

The bombastic phrase was typical for Roosevelt. But it’s noteworthy that he was a member of the Loyal Order of Moose.

The secret society, now known as Moose International, follows the overarching pattern – for initiations, advancement, and meetings – long established by Freemasonry.

Like numerous other groups, however, it appears to have been primarily catered to men who wished periodically to blow off steam and get loaded. In this vein, it is usually depicted as a rival to another, similar drinking club called the Order of Elks.

In the mold of social organizations with quirky beginnings, the Elks is said to have begun life in 1868 as a get-together of a minstrel troupe that called itself the “Jolly Corks.”

Once upon a time, justifiably or not, the group had a reputation for ribaldry. It was thought that their meetings were occasions – or even pretexts – for drunkenness, indecency, and even orgies.

This description hearkens to tales of the 18th-century “Hell-Fire Club,” one incarnation of which boasted Benjamin Franklin as a member.

We got into this in a little more detail in “10 Occultists Who Were Accused SPIES” and we mentioned it in passing in “10 ‘Sex-Magic’ Cults.”

After the passage of some time, and a dash of remedial “P.R.,” the modern association “rebranded” itself as benefit society, under the expanded named “Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.”

Minimally, that means insurance sales.

One of the Elk’s members, at some stage of its evolution, was 33rd U.S. President, and 33rd-Degree Freemason, Harry S. Truman – who, …

…some say, had his early governmental ambitions bankrolled by fraudster “political boss” Tom “T. J.” Pendergast.

As Michael Hoffman once noted, “Give ‘Em Hell Harry” – true to his nickname – “did just that” by authorizing the vaporization of several hundred thousand Japanese at Hiroshima and Nagasaki when the United States of America became the first and (so far!) only country in world history to use atomic weapons in war.

Perhaps it’s meaningful that Truman was also a prominent member of Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, colloquially called the “Shriners.”[21] Their presumably once-secret vow, the alleged text of which is now widely available from online and print sources, reads like a blood oath invoking “…Allah, the God of Arab, Muslim and Mohammed…”.[22]

In any case, their characteristic headgear, a tasseled conical red hat called a “fez” is often adorned with Islamic-esque symbols like the curved sword (called a “scimitar”) and the crescent moon. Some anti-Masons, Protestant Fundamentalists, and others of a generally paranoid bent sometimes fret about the deep color of the hat. Occasionally, it is suggested that it is blood red – in commemoration of some past, but difficult to precisely identify, Muslim-instigated slaughter of Christians.

Nowadays, the name “Shriner” is perhaps more frequently conjoined with the word “hospital” than with anything else.

Though, to be fair, this talk sometimes invites “Moolah clowns” – and they can be horrifying enough.

Who said secret societies were only for Republicans? Right, just ask Kennedy or Truman!

Sidelight: Royal Order of Jesters

Some secret organizations contain even more reclusive societies within the larger society. In at least one case, these are nested several layers deep – like “Russian dolls.”

Take, for example, the fact that the Shriners only accept “master masons” in good standing. These are men who have attained the Third Degree within basic, Blue Lodge (or “Craft”) freemasonry.

But – by invitation only – a select few Shriners may be asked to join the more obscure Royal Order of Jesters which, by its own admission, is dedicated to enjoyment and merrymaking.

The Jesters were reportedly founded in 1911, adopting for themselves a vaguely sinister totem called the “Billikin” …

…– among other symbols, some of which evince an apparent fascination with death (one apparently shared by other orders, such as the previously named Skull & Bones).

Weirdly, the Billiken isn’t unique to the Jesters. In fact, earlier claim to it may have been made by the Catholic, Jesuit-controlled Saint Louis University, which refers to the Buddha-looking sigil – and stylized variations, thereof – as its “good-luck charm” and mascot.

Once prosecuted back east on charges of prostitution and human trafficking (with hints of deadlier antics), the Royal Order of Jesters has been investigated for its – shall we say? excessive partying – by now-absentee researcher Sandy Frost.

However, as of this recording, an eye-opening piece is readily available at Medium.com, the “blogging” website started by Twitter cofounder Evan Williams. No fewer than two U.S. Presidents are said to have had connexions with these exclusive fun-seekers.

The first was Missourian Harry S. Truman.

The second? Gerald R. Ford – whose wife, Betty Ford, became something of a byword for alcoholism – not least through her own struggles and via her eponymous “substance-abuse” clinic.

Number 2

Now we’re really “up there,” as it were, on our list. One, two, …even four secret-society affiliations is small potatoes for our next president who, according to the record, maintained at least six such memberships.

We’re speaking of 29th President, Warren Gamaliel Harding – who popularity at the time of his election quickly eroded in the face of numerous, unflattering posthumous disclosures.

Among minor accomplishments, Harding is remembered for the creation of the Veteran’s Bureau which, through various twists and turns, has become the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.

Though, it is arguable that the most distinctive things about him were the strangeness of his death and the brevity of his presidency that, nonetheless, was riddled with scandal.

In one writer’s bitingly sarcastic appraisal, Harding was “[a] newspaper publisher who became president of the U.S. And gave dirty politics a bad name by surrounding himself with some of the most dishonest and corrupt chiselers of all time.”[23]

He wasn’t even close to having occupied his office for the absolute shortest amount of time – that dubious “award” goes to 9th President, William Henry Harrison.

Still, he’s one of ten presidents to have served less than a single full term, for one reason or other.

In the case of Warren G. Harding, accounts vary slightly. The cause of death has various been attributed to any, or some combination, of the following: cardiac arrest, cerebral hemorrhage, food poisoning, and pneumonia. I plan to spend just a tad more time with this curious story in a forthcoming video.

But, for now, suffice it to say that Harding’s peculiar demise punctuated a presidency the climax of which was, at least retrospectively, the bribery fiasco known as “Teapot Dome.” The upshot of the affair was that Harding’s Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall, was convicted of accepting money from oil men – including Harry Ford Sinclair – to secretly transfer land rights from the Navy to private business interests.

Well, to be precise, Harding gave Fall control of Teapot Dome by executive order. Then Fall handed it over to Big Oil. I suppose that provides a veneer of “deniability.”

Maybe that would be giving Harding too much credit. One source alleged that he spent more time playing poker than governing the nation. Harding hosted regular poker games attended by a fair few of his “Ohio Gang,” including “…Fall, Attorney General Harry Daughtery, [gofer] Jesse Smith, and Veterans Bureau head Charles R. Forbes. After the Teapot Dome scandal, Fall and Forbes went to jail, Daugherty got two hung juries, and Smith committed suicide.”[24]

Or…was it murder?

Anyway, Harding loved his secrets. Like McKinley before him, he was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, a group whose origins are as mythologized as those of Freemasonry – from which it may have emerged.

Ignoring the surely fantastical claims of 11th-century beginnings, the Odd Fellows can be documented in 18th-century England, where it attracted such members as dissident journalist and politician, John Wilkes.

Wilkes was also a member of the previously mentioned Hell-Fire Club, which we covered in greater depth in “Top 10 Occult Spies.”

The Odd Fellows was subsequently associated with the rakish British monarch George IV. In turn, King George had dealings with portrait artist Richard Cosway.

Cosway was connected to an erotic-mystical circle via English Romantic artist, poet, and Emanuel-Swedenborg enthusiast William Blake…

…whom we discussed in “Top 10 ‘Sex-Magic’ Cults.”

The Odd Fellows crossed the Atlantic with Thomas Wildey, who founded a lodge in Baltimore.

This North American progenitor initially catered more to the blue-collar set than had its ancestor from London. This explains Harding’s involvement, since he started off as a “working man,”[25] selling insurance and doing other odd jobs in his youth.[26]

Like the exclusive Skull-and-Bones fraternity, the Odd Fellows has – or had – a fascination with death symbolism. According to the Washington Post, human “…skeletons …reside in closets, drawers, attics and crawl spaces in Odd Fellows lodges nationwide.”

Reportedly, these remains are invoked as emblems “of mortality” during initiation ceremonies. According to one member, the skeletons are hidden and only make their appearances when a prospective candidate actually goes through the secret admission ritual.

The Odd Fellows appear to have derived these practices from the Freemasons – at least, those of the higher-degree Scottish Rite. In Masonic ritual materials, one can find innumerable references to coffins, “death’s head” skulls, skeletons, and other ritual paraphernalia.

Commentators as far flung as the 19th-century Presbyterian preacher Charles Finney and 21st-century writer John “Ed” Decker have asserted that members of the “Brotherhood” go so far as to drink wine from a human skull during the 30th-degree ceremony.

Predictably, this is denied by Masonic apologists, like S. Brent Morris.

But, the macabre spectacle was given credence by novelist Dan Brown, whose book The Lost Symbol – which Morris admitted “showed Masons in a pretty good light” – incorporates the scene into its opening pages.

Similarly to the Elks, the Odd Fellows were believed to incline toward the Bacchanalian.

One aspect of this suspicion was the fact that it was the Odd Fellows, rather than the Masons per se, who were accused of incorporating goats into their outrageous ritualism.

This would be an amusing irrelevance were it not for curiously recurring links between goat symbolism and devil worship. Notable mentions include: Aleister Crowley’s rendition of the #15 “Devil” card in the Tarot deck as well as Éliphas Lévi’s drawing of Baphomet, …

We can’t neglect the related, so-called “Goat of Mendes” or “Baphomet sigil” originally published – if not drawn by – occultist Stanislas de Guaita.

Reportedly, there’s also an obscure reference, in Masonry, to a “God of All Things” that later morphed into a “Grand Architect Of The Universe.” Those initials are awfully GOAT-like.[27]

Number 1

But even Warren G. Harding, with his half-dozen affiliations, can’t hold a candle to Theodore Roosevelt’s fifth cousin, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. By my (admittedly rough and unscientific) count, F.D.R. was a veritable aficionado of secret societies, having been actively involved with no fewer than seven of them over his lifetime.

A Democrat – in fact, the ultimate Democrat in the minds of his many admirers – F.D.R. was famously elected for a whopping four presidential terms. Of course, he only served three of them since he died a few months into 1945.

Officially, he is said to have died from an “intracerebral hemorrhage.”

He also suffered from diseases of his arteries and heart, and recent medical revisionists have suggested that, perhaps due to his longtime tobacco smoking, he may have died of cancer.[28] We may have an additional possibility to float in a follow-up presentation. Stay tuned.

In any case, and justifiably or not, F.D.R. is credited with helping to bring the United States out of the Great Depression. His so-called “New Deal” policies enlarged the federal government in the name of economic recovery and future stability.

He instituted the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, ostensibly to safeguard bank accounts.[29]

Though… according to financial advisor and writer Fredric Mark “Ric” Edelman, writing in his The Truth About Money (originally published in 1997): Nowadays, “…FDIC …has only $1.25 per $100.”[30]

FDR created the Social Security Administration as a sort of “social-insurance” program, including various old-age benefits.[31]

Not all these achievements were universally acclaimed. Some have proved more lastingly controversial than others.

For example, FDR is remembered for confiscating most privately held gold under the guise of rebooting the economy.

Meanwhile, some wealthy gold bugs – especially (one presumes) those within FDR’s Blue-Blood circle – were at least partially exempted from complying with the Executive Order 6102. You see, some holdings were treated as collector’s (or “numismatic”) pieces, rather than as circulating coin.

The Great Depression itself was a suspiciously selective catastrophe. Noble-Prize-winning economist Milton Friedman was among the more prominent people to call attention to the rôle of the Federal Reserve in crashing the America economy – despite the uncomfortable fact that the “Fed’s” whole reason for existing was ostensibly to prevent such misery.

All this led to the charge, from many of the “right side” of the politic spectrum, that Franklin Roosevelt was either an out-and-out Communist or, at the least, a sympathizer.

In fact, it seems that some American industrialists and money men became so fed up, that they attempted to orchestrate a coup d’état to remove Roosevelt from power.

In the basic narrative, which I hope to expound in a follow-up presentation, a highly decorated marine-corps officer, General Smedley Darlington Butler, was approached to lead the American Legion to facilitate this “regime change.”

[Video clip of Butler]

That F.D.R. came through the event unscathed testifies to the diligence of his attendant angel. The entire story – sometimes referred to as the “Business Plot” or the “Capitol Hill Coup” – is a fascinating chapter of American history. It seems to be a part of the complicated crypto-political backdrop for the so-called “January 6th Riot,” the symbolism surrounding which we sketched in a dedicated video.

Although we intend to tug on some conspiratorial threads in this tangled yarn in future installments, for now, we return to the fact that FDR maintained numerous secret-society connexions.

One of these was with the Knights of Pythias,[32] which organization Roosevelt is said to have joined during his long presidential tenure.

The Knights of Pythias, instituted during the fratricidal waste that is euphemistically termed the “civil war,” was apparently “chartered” – whatever that comes down to – by the federal government (either Abraham Lincoln or, more likely, Congress).

Its ritualism is based on the so-called Pythagorean ideal of friendship, as exemplified in the myth of Damon and Pythias.[33] This is just a single example of the abiding fascination with Pythagoras one discovers in esotericism. For examples, & for the reasons, see “Top 10 Occultists of All Time” …

…as well as the dedicated “Pythagoras.”

The Knights were founded in 1864 by a U.S. Treasury Department clerk named Justus Henry Rathbone. Rathbone was also a member of the so-called Improved Order of Red Men…

…which F.D.R., some years later, would also join.

The society adopted some of the symbols and vocabulary of Amerindians in a manner similar to the embrace of the trappings of Islam by the Masonic Shriners or – for that matter – like the Knights of Pythias’s own Knights of Khorassan.

The word “Khorassan” is interesting. It supposedly signifies the “east” or “sunrise.”[34] One author has it that “Khorassan signifies, in the old Persian language, Province or Region of the Sun.”[35]

It crops up in the romantic lore of St. Louis’s “Veiled Prophet Parade.”

And, more recently, we’re told there’s an offshoot (or upper echelon) of the dangerous al-Qaeda organization: an “ISIS”-like operation supposedly calling itself the Khorasan Group.

The name is explained as an obscure reference to the same general area that has been the key geo-political node and espionage epicenter for over a hundred years – and which you can discover more about in the video “10 Occultist Spies.” It was of great interest to mason and novelist Rudyard Kipling.

And this leads us back to F.D.R. for whom, arguably, a major preoccupation was Freemasonry.

The most flamboyant attestation of this is the fact that it was during Roosevelt’s presidential incumbency that the all-seeing eye symbol was placed on the U.S. dollar bill.

Well in advance of its implementation in the design of the dollar, eminent 19th-century Harvard art professor, Charles Eliot Norton, labeled eye-and-pyramid amalgam a “dull emblem of a masonic fraternity.”[36]

There are a few other key players in that drama, including FDR’s third-term vice president and mystic, Henry Agard Wallace; Wallace’s one-time personal, spiritual “guru,” the Russian Theosophist Nicholas Roerich…

…to whom we devoted a segment in the previously named “…Occultist …SPIES…” video…

…and hearkening back to the Knights of Pythias, FDR’s treasury secretary, Henry Morgenthau Jr. (You’ll recall that the Knights get their start in the imagination of a treasury clerk.)

According to Dr. Robert Hieronymus, a specialist on the United States Great Seal, Roerich likely suggested placing the all-seeing-eye symbol on the dollar. And then Wallace brought the idea to FDR, who simply instructed Morgenthau to use it.

The upshot is that presidential secret-society affiliations literally stare us in the face whenever we pay with cash – an occurrence that (admittedly) happens less and less often with each passing day. And, of course, it’s far from the only association between our currency and occultism. See “Top 10 Gold-Making Alchemists” for the magical origins of the serpentine “dollar sign.”

Conclusion

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[1]President John F. Kennedy, “The President and the Press: Address Before the American Newspaper Publishers Association,” Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York City, April 27, 1961; online at <https://www.jfklibrary.org/archives/other-resources/john-f-kennedy-speeches/american-newspaper-publishers-association-19610427>.

[2]House Select Committee on Assassinations, Investigation of the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy: Hearings Before the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives, United States Congress, Ninety-Fifth Congress, Second Session, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1978-1979; online at <https://www.archives.gov/research/jfk/select-committee-report>.

[3]Adam Parfrey and Craig Heimbichner, Ritual America: Secret Brotherhoods and Their Influence on America, Port Townsend, Wash.: Feral House, p. xviii.

[4]For his part, Franklin presided over Masonic assemblies both in America and in Europe.

[5] According to the official website of the Thomas Jefferson Foundation, Inc., the third U.S. president “is frequently, yet falsely, linked to the Freemasons.” (“Fraternal Organizations,” Monticello.org, n.d., <https://www.monticello.org/research-education/thomas-jefferson-encyclopedia/fraternal-organizations/>.) No initiation records are extant that would be evidence of the contrary, as is usually pointed out by Masonic apologists (such as S. Brent Morris). Despite these protests, Jefferson is sometimes found on rosters of Masonic presidents. (See, e.g., “Masonic Presidents of the United States,” Harry S. Truman Library and Museum, National Archives, <https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/photograph-records/58-11>. Notice that James Madison is also depicted on the image.)

[6] Amy Wallace, David Wallechinsky, and Irving Wallace, The Book of Lists #3, New York: Bantam, 1983, p. 28.

[7] Jimmy Carter is sometimes listed as a Freemason. However, supposedly, this is based upon a misreading of the significance of that fact that he was sworn into office using George Washington’s Inaugural Bible, which was in the custody of a Masonic Lodge (St. Johns No. 1, New York). Carter is best remembered for brokering a peace deal between Egypt and Israel that concluded three decades of hostility – but also served as the catalyst for the creation of Baptist minister Jerry Falwell’s “Moral Majority,” which signaled a new partnership between Protestant Christians and the Republican political party. Fundamentalists were professedly dissatisfied with what they interpreted as a betrayal of the Israeli state.

[8]Virginia Cox, “Rhetoric and Ethics in Machiavelli,” John M. Najemy, The Cambridge Companion to Machiavelli, chapt. 11, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2010, <https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-companion-to-machiavelli/rhetoric-and-ethics-in-machiavelli/9F3D60D530A02EDF192819DB3FC3C40A>.

[9] “Skull and Bones, Yale University,” Biography Presents Secret Societies, New York: Hearst Specials, 2023, p. 43.

[10]The confession is from Henry L. Valance, as published in Charles G. Finney, The Character, Claims, and Practical Workings of Freemasonry, Cincinnati: Western Tract & Book Society, ca. 1869, <https://www.gospeltruth.net/1869Freemasonry/freem_chap2.htm>.

[11]Marcus Baram, “Did Bush’s Grandfather Steal Geronimo’s Skull?” ABC News, Jun. 20, 2007, <https://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=3299671&page=1>.

[12]“Geronimo’s Kin Sue Skull and Bones,” Associated Press via NBC, Feb. 18, 2009, <https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna29265600>.

[13]Numbers 5, 6, and 7!

[14]Or, four parts over eight hours of broadcast time.

[15]For the quote, available (at time of writing) via a Google search, see: <https://www.google.com/search?q=history+channel+men+who+built+america&rlz=1C1UEAD_enUS946US946&oq=history+channel+men+&aqs=chrome.0.0i355i512j46i512j69i57j0i22i30l7.3870j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#wptab=si:AEcPFx7344W7I-FdyS_HaKiRPRHW9DfKDEEkRfxriy8TgoDRa69ZGfZQIjCsemp_VNl8HxbR9–Jc26PvlJUYJ3419Wj6u34i4-RRRNnqywV-cPZJYZLgeSqX-E0y9v8E3NQbyGstGBps9sXrC-Im-8F8adJLrRmUNvFjArWMbGl3DD1usg-4AA%3D>.

[16]See, e.g., the episode summary available at the Internet Movie Database, “Taking the White House,” History Channel, season 1, episode 7; “Storyline” at IMDB, <https://www.imdb.com/title/tt18298200/>. Cf. The 1913 Pujo Committee Report, details about which can be found at “Money Trust,” Wikipedia, Feb. 3, 2023, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_trust>.

[17] According to Wikipedia’s summary of the “historical drama” Secret Honor, “…Nixon admits that he has been the willing tool of a political network he alternately calls ‘the Bohemian Grove’ and ‘The Committee of 100’.” “Secret Honor,” Wikipedia, Aug. 27, 2022, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_Honor>; see Donald Freed and Arnold M. Stone, Secret Honor, Robert Altman, dir., New York: Cinecom, 1984, film.

[18]See “Bohemian Grove,” National Park Service, Nov. 7, 2021, <https://www.nps.gov/places/000/bohemian-grove.htm>.

[19]Devon Jackson, “Bohemian Club,” Conspiranoia, New York: Penguin; Plume, 2000, p. 33.

[20]#s 3 & 4.

[21]Cofounding credits are given to surgeon Walter Millard Fleming, allegedly a Masonic-degree collector almost as enthusiastic as John Yarker, and playwright William J. Florence (born William Jermyn Conlin).

[22]Parfrey and Heimbichner, p. 119.

[23]Laurence J. Peters, qtd. in David Wallechinsky, Irving Wallace, and Amy Wallace, The Book of Lists, New York: Bantam Books, 1980, p. 15.

[24]Wallechinsky, Wallace, and Wallace, op. cit., p. 374.

[25]“JFK and the U.S. Presidents Who Died in Office,” History (U.K.), <https://www.history.co.uk/articles/us-presidents-who-died-in-office>.

[26]“Warren G. Harding,” Wikipedia, Mar. 5, 2023, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren_G._Harding>.

[27]On the latter, see Parfrey and Heimbichner, op. cit., p. 51.

[28]Barron H. Lerner, “Roosevelt’s Last Days: Did cancer kill FDR?” Slate, Nov. 24, 2009, <https://slate.com/technology/2009/11/did-franklin-d-roosevelt-actually-die-from-cancer.html>.

[29]“History of the FDIC,” Fed. Deposit Insurance Corp., Jun. 6, 2022, <https://www.fdic.gov/about/history/>.

[30] Ric Edelman, The Truth About Money, 3rd ed., New York: HarperBusiness; Rodale, 2004-2005, p. 63. (Earlier editions read: “…$1.22 per $100,” ibid.) The figure may have been updated for the 4th edition, published in 2010.

[31]“Social Security History,” Social Security Administration, n.d., <https://www.ssa.gov/history/50ed.html>.

[32]Established in 1864 by a school teacher named Justus Henry Rathbone.

[33]The story goes that Pythias was sentenced by a tyrant to death for treason. Pythias accepts his punishment, but asked only for the latitude to conclude his personal business. The tyrant only agreed on the condition that Pythias’s bosom companion, the innocent Damon, submit to arrest to guarantee Pythias’s return. The tyrant is initially surprised that both men agree to this condition. The tyrant, expecting Pythias to simply disappear, anticipates Damon’s execution. But Pythias does come back. The astounded tyrant frees both men in admiration of their friendship.

[34] “Khorasan,” Wiktionary, Mar. 16, 2023, <https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Khorasan>.

[35] Thomas Moore, Lalla Rookh: The Veiled Prophet of Khorassan, London: Hurst, 1817; online at <https://fiftywordsforsnow.com/ebooks/lalla/prophet.html>.

[36]Qtd. by Gaillard Hunt, ed., The History of the Seal of the United States, Washington D.C.: U.S. Dept. of State, Govt. Printing Office, 1909, p. 55; archived online at <https://books.google.com/books?id=jUZmAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA55>.

SynchroMysticism

Is there an esoteric undercurrent to contemporary life? In the 21st century, the mundane monopolizes our attention. It is an understandable reaction. Banalities brutalize our senses, and the ordinary appears to tower over us like an unimaginative skyscraper in Anyplace, U.S.A. But appearances, as they say, can be deceiving.

Succinctly put, synchromysticism is postulation that below the surface of the commonplace appearance of modernity (or beneath the freakish artificiality of post-modernity), exists a vibrant network of hidden – dare we say “occult” – associations. Unremarkable interstices are punctuated at intervals by dynamic nexuses, identified – to those with eyes to see – by signs and words.

Synchromysticism can be approached as practice or theory or both. As an activity, it consists in the “reading” of culture (for example, its art, history, and socio-political goings on) to draw out latent connections – as one might scour an optical illusion looking for the picture within the picture. It’s not always clear whether we search for the big picture, as it were, or the little one. Theoretically, it might be held that the most significant aspects of the world are mise en abîme, “relegated to an abyss.” Whether this is by agency and contrivance, chance, or necessity is an open question.

~ Abramelin (7/29/2017)

In this project, which we term Synchromystique (or “Analytic SynchroMysticism”), we explore such people and topics as: alternative epistemology (e.g., in William James), archetypal analysis (per Carl Jung), Arthur Koestler, Carole Cusack, conspiracy culture, cultural semiotics, esoteric interpretations, esoteric worldviews, Forteana (named after Charles Fort, and expanded by James Shelby Downard, Jim Brandon, and others), hermeneutics (in the sense of Hans Georg Gadamer), hidden patterns, interpretive frameworks, Jason Horsley, meaningful coincidences, metaphysical inquiry, modern mythologies, myth and meaning, mythopoetic thinking, occult symbolism, pattern recognition, reading culture, Steven Sutcliffe, symbolic analysis, symbolic thinking, synchronicity (again, Carl-Jung-style), SynchroMysticism (as coined by Jake Kotze), Twilight Language (à la Michael A. Hoffman II, and as picked up by Loren Coleman),